PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) 400 / 600 / 6000

Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is a versatile polymer used in a wide range of applications, from pharmaceuticals and cosmetics to industrial processes. Its properties can vary depending on its molecular weight, which is often represented by numbers such as PEG 400, PEG 600, and PEG 6000. Here’s a detailed look at these different PEGs:

PEG 400

Chemical Properties:

• Molecular Weight: Approximately 400 g/mol
• Density: Around 1.12 g/cm³
• Melting Point: Typically a liquid at room temperature.
• Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling, typically around 290°C (554°F).

Physical Characteristics:

• Appearance: Clear, colorless, viscous liquid.
• Odor: Odorless.
• Solubility: Completely miscible with water and many organic solvents.

Common Uses:

1. Pharmaceuticals:
   • Solvent: Used as a solvent for oral, topical, and injectable formulations.
   • Vehicle: Acts as a carrier for drug delivery systems, including creams and ointments.
2. Cosmetics and Personal Care:
   • Emollient: Used in lotions, creams, and gels to provide a smooth and hydrating effect.
   • Solvent: Helps dissolve other ingredients and improve the consistency of formulations.
3. Industrial Applications:
   • Lubricant: Used as a lubricant in various industrial processes.
   • Additive: Acts as a dispersant in paints and coatings.

PEG 600

Chemical Properties:

• Molecular Weight: Approximately 600 g/mol
• Density: Around 1.15 g/cm³
• Melting Point: Typically a liquid at room temperature.
• Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling, typically around 290°C (554°F).

Physical Characteristics:

• Appearance: Clear, colorless, viscous liquid.
• Odor: Odorless.
• Solubility: Completely miscible with water and many organic solvents.

Common Uses:

1. Pharmaceuticals:
   • Solvent and Carrier: Used in the formulation of various drug products and as a carrier for active ingredients.
2. Cosmetics and Personal Care:
   • Emollient: Used in creams, lotions, and gels for its moisturizing properties.
   • Thickener: Acts as a thickening agent in various cosmetic formulations.
3. Industrial Applications:
   • Lubricant: Functions as a lubricant in machinery and other industrial equipment.
   • Dispersant: Used in paints and coatings to improve consistency and application.

PEG 6000

Chemical Properties:

• Molecular Weight: Approximately 6000 g/mol
• Density: Around 1.12 g/cm³
• Melting Point: Solid at room temperature, typically melting between 50-60°C (122-140°F).
• Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling, typically around 290°C (554°F).

Physical Characteristics:

• Appearance: White to off-white solid or powder.
• Odor: Odorless.
• Solubility: Soluble in water and many organic solvents.

Common Uses:

1. Pharmaceuticals:
   • Binder: Used as a binder in tablet formulations to improve cohesion and stability.
   • Lubricant: Functions as a lubricant in various pharmaceutical manufacturing processes.
2. Cosmetics and Personal Care:
   • Thickener: Acts as a thickening agent in creams, lotions, and gels.
   • Film Former: Used in hair care and skin care products to create a protective layer.
3. Industrial Applications:
   • Plasticizer: Used as a plasticizer in the production of various polymer products.
   • Lubricant: Functions as a lubricant in different industrial processes.

General Safety and Handling Guidelines for PEGs:

1. Safety:
   • Low Toxicity: PEGs are generally considered to have low toxicity, but prolonged or high-level exposure can cause irritation.
   • Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions or skin irritation from certain PEG formulations.
2. Handling:
   • Protective Equipment: Use gloves and safety goggles when handling PEGs to avoid skin and eye contact.
   • Ventilation: Ensure good ventilation in areas where PEGs are used or processed.
3. Storage:
   • Conditions: Store PEGs in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
   • Containers: Keep in tightly sealed containers to prevent contamination and moisture absorption.
4. Disposal:
   • Regulations: Follow local regulations for the disposal of PEGs and their formulations. Generally, they can be disposed of in regular waste, but specific disposal methods should be checked for compliance with local guidelines.