N-Propanol

Propan-1-ol (also propanol, n-propyl alcohol) is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH and sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH. It is a colourless liquid and an isomer of 2-propanol. It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, mainly for resins and cellulose esters, and, sometimes, as a disinfecting agent.

Propan-1-ol is manufactured by catalytic hydrogenation of propionaldehyde. Propionaldehyde is produced via the oxo process by hydroformylation of ethylene using carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as cobalt octa carbonyl or a rhodium complex

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Application

Normal propanol is used to manufacture other solvents such as cosmetics, skin/hair preparations, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, soaps and window cleaner.  It can also be used to create printing inks, coatings, de-greasing fluids, adhesives, insecticides and herbicides.  Normal propanol is also used as a chemical intermediate to create esters, halides, propyl amines and propyl acetate.  The end user markets of this product are the cosmetics, cleaning, motor, printing, coatings and chemical industries.

Chemical formula

C3H8O
Molar mass

60.096 g·mol−1
Appearance

Colorless liquid
Odor

mild, alcohol-like
Density

0.803 g/mL
Melting point

−126 °C; −195 °F; 147 K
Boiling point

97 to 98 °C; 206 to 208 °F; 370 to 371 K
Solubility in water

miscible
log P

0.329
Vapor pressure

1.99 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)

16
Basicity (pKb)

−2
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)

−45.176·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)

1.387
Viscosity

1.959 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment

1.68 D

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