DAP (DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE)

Diammonium phosphate (DAP; IUPAC name diammonium hydrogen phosphate; chemical formula (NH4)2(HPO4) is one of a series of water-soluble ammonium phosphate salts that can be produced when ammonia reacts with phosphoric acid.

Solid diammonium phosphate shows a dissociation pressure of ammonia as given by the following expression and equation:

(NH4)2HPO4(s) ⇌ NH3(g) + (NH4)H2PO4(s)

At 100 °C, the dissociation pressure of diammonium phosphate is approximately 5 mmHg.

According to the diammonium phosphate MSDS from CF Industries, Inc., decomposition starts as low as 70 °C: “Hazardous Decomposition Products: Gradually loses ammonia when exposed to air at room temperature. Decomposes to ammonia and monoammonium phosphate at around 70 °C (158 °F). At 155 °C (311 °F), DAP emits phosphorus oxides, nitrogen oxides and ammonia.

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Application

Used to clarify the cane juice and  to make sugar with better lustre and quality. In Food and beverages, used as acidifying agent and as tart flavouring agent in beverages such as various colas.   It is used in the manufacture of industrial cleaning products, other inorganic and organic phosphoric chemicals, foundry resins, paints, enamels and refractory, antifreeze productions, and textile process materials. It is used in water treatment. Food grade phosphoric acid is used; as a acidulation in soft drink (particularly cola).

Chemical formula

(NH4)2HPO4
Molar mass

132.06 g/mol
Appearance

colorless monoclinic crystals
Density

1.619 g/cm3
Melting point

155 °C (311 °F; 428 K) decomposes
Solubility in water

57.5 g/100 mL (10 °C)
106.7 g/100 mL (70 °C)
Solubility

insoluble in alcohol, acetone and liquid ammonia
Refractive index (nD)

1.52

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